Mr. Sun

Module Code PM002 Class/Group Group C Module Title Research Design and Critique judgement Full Research Proposal Assignment Title An investigation into the genes that lick the Glaswegian publics excerption of railway locomote. Student ID Number 2059626 Date of meekness November 29th, 2012 An investigation into the factors that curve the Glaswegian publics choice of cable railway political machine. Rationale The number of automobiles had risen to over 1 billion vehicles all the world in 2010, which is 20 times more than than this number in 1986(Sousanis, John,2011).Car plays a indispensable role in todays society, according to a survey from World Bank(2011), the number of self-possession of motor vehicles per 1,000 quite a little is more than 500 in most of developing countries, especially for Monaco, the number was 908(World Bank Data,2009). Although cars have become more and more commonplace, unless the cars are still expensive commodity, also there is no doubt that t he final decisions are usually made after careful consideration when people purchasing a car(Kathuria, Singla,2012). At the same time, as the vehicle types supplied to be chosen by consumers have become more and more various.When consumer facing with great of choices, they become more and more conf apply and irresolute. With the segmentation of automobile securities industry, the factors that affect the public car choices are more and more diversified. According to Couton et al. (2006), various studies have utilise hedonic price modeling to show that price variation among sore cars can be explained by differences in describe product characteristics such(prenominal) as horsepower, engine capacity, speed, and safety features. However, these measurable variables may not be the main explanatory factors which give influence the choice of consumers.Based on the above mentioned content, this search will focus on the decisive factors which will impact the publics final choice of car, especially in the Glasgow area due to investigations and studies in the field will be carried out and conducted in this city. Its results would probably benefit to car dealers and consumers. Especially for car manufacturers, they can according to consumer gustatory sensations to redesign and improve vehicles to gain better market performance. 1. What are the choices the public have when get a car? 2. What are the main factors influencing publics choices? . What variables affect these factors? Annotate Bibliography Banerjee,S. (2010) ,Study on Consumer Buying Behavior During corrupt of a certify Car , Journal of Marketing & Communication ,6 (2),4-13. This essay describes that for different types of automobiles, the main factors affect consumers purchase is slightly different in choosing a particular leaf blade is always based on the different set of consumers towards various preference parameter. For different market segments of vehicle, dimensions are different. A victorious car brand has had to accept and adopt these dimensions.In addition, the author also pointed out that there are more common factors influence the publics choice between consumers to buying a second car and purchasing the first one, unless there are some obvious differences between them. For example, functional level factor such as car efficacy and usefulness are main concerns for second car buyers. Moreover, this article also mentioned that a high gear level of investment in advertising and promotional activities may not be able to guarantee a high percentage of repeat purchase. However, a long-term stable client relationship will probably increase the probability of second time purchase.This journal is effectively to analysis interrelationship between consumers first car and second car, and common facts which seem to influence the publics purchase behavior. The survey uses a probability sampling approach conducted with the passenger car owners in India with 525 samples. However, in this article, the author does not mention the relationship and importance between satisfaction of customers on the second-hand value of the first car and loyalty for choosing the second-hand car, because a high level of satisfaction, may bring referral and repeat purchase.Randol E. Bucklin, S. Siddarth, Jorge M. Silva-Risso,(2008), Distri howeverion Intensity and New Car Choice,JOURNAL OF MARKETING RESEARCH, Vol. XLV, 473-496. This journal demonstrate that the relationship between 4S shops diffusion intensity of cars and brand new car buyers choices in the U. S. automobile market. Different from price, effect of advertising, promotional activities and other factors, dissemination intensity changes relatively slow, but the distribution intensity will be affected some variables, thereby great power affect decisions of consumers buying cars.Additionally, this article used information on the U. S car sales transactions gave by the Power Information Ne 2rk, which included the accu rate geographic locations of consumers and dealers. Non-probability sampling method was used in 55 4S shops as a samples. Dealer accessibility, dealer concentration and dealer spread would determine distribution intensity and then will largely affect the choice of the people for the car brands.This journal is relevant to the topic of this query, firstly it provides information about what factors will influence the publics choice of car, secondly it shows how the three main variables influence the distribution intensity of each brand, so that influence the publics choice of car. However, this study focuses on only the distribution intensity about car dealers, makes no attempt to differentiate between various different types of car, and the conclusion power not suitable for the niche car brands. Beside this, the author might drip the fact that distribution intensity ontributes to high-end car brands. Dharmaraj,C. , Clement,S. J. ,(2010). Brand Preference Factors of Passenger Cars An data-based Assessment, Indiana University Press, The IUP Journal of Brand Management, 7(3),19-33. This article mainly analyzes the factors which will influence consumers self-propelling brand preference. According to the authors study, performance of passenger cars are considered as the most important factor which might dominate consumers preference, especially for male consumers, but economic abilities are the bases of the preference.In addition, the marketing communication strategy of a car will also largely affect the overall decisions of consumers. In conclusion, the comprehensive volume of a car, such as safety factor, industrial design, stability, scientific and technological content, durability, daily use cost, re-sale value , fuel consumption, comforts and so on, each of them is factor influence people s preference and choice of car. This study is highly relevant to the topic of this research and demonstrates most of factors that will influent consumer purchase preference comprehensively and systematically.Although this survey collected data employ questionnaires from 712 car buyers/owners by simple random sampling, there is not any variables about the respondents are addressed. In addition, the author offers no explanation for the distinction between Indian car market and developed countries market, the simple random sampling method was conducted in a midsize Indian city. Therefore, it is slightly possible that the survey result might not apply for city of Glasgow. Baltas,G. , Saridakis,G. 2009),Brand-name effects, segment differences, and product characteristics an integrated model of the car market, Journal of Product & Brand Management, 18(2), 143 -151. This article discusses that price of car is a main factor influence the publics choice, and the price structure of new car market is determined by automobile characteristics, brand effects, and segment differences. A hedonic price experimental model is designed and implemented that includes bra nd-name heterogeneousness and functional characteristics.In addition, another extensive dataset model is applied to support the brand effects and hypotheses of segment differences. According to these two models, in mainstream car market, the functional characteristics determines automobile prices largely , however in high-end car market, incremental value is added to a car because its brand value , so the connotation of the brand value reconcile the price of prestige brands cars in large extent. The findings of this article include relevant information to this research. Firstly, it is a great probability that price of car is one of key facts which influence the publics choice.This article demonstrates that there are at least three reasons determine the structure of automobile prices, and analyzes the variables and decisive factors of prices in mainstream segments and high-end segments respectively. However, the research focuses on many of the variables affecting the price of car a nd does not take into account other factors such as the industrial design of a car and the impact of marketing strategies. At the same time, mentioned in the text, the implicit brand value will affect car prices, thereby affecting consumers choice, but it is possible that the brand price is difficult to be quantified accurately.Kathuria,L. M. , Singla,V. ,(2012) Purchase of Pre-Owned Small Cars in India An Exploratory Study, The IUP Journal of Marketing Management, 11(2),63-75. This study highlights that the main factors impacting the buying choice of second hand subtile vehicle were purchasing power constraint, high cost-effective, improve driving skills, desire for car , high resale price, good quality of after-sales service, brand public praise and easy to maintenance. Additionally, families who want to buy new four-wheelers to replace old two-wheelers should be seen as a new market segment might be targeted for selling cars.This article contributes to understand different and s imilar factors between people buying a new small car and pre-owned car. Nevertheless, the article was incisively focus on small vehicle with a specification requirements of length? 4 meters and with an engine displacement? 1,500 cubic centimeters (cc) for diesel and petrol, therefore, the universality of the research results might have certain limitations. Methodology As can be seen from previous studies and related sources, the factors affecting peoples choice can be divided into two move to analysis respectively.The one part is factors that influence people to buy a new car and the other is factors that influence people to choose a used car. Moreover, the new car dealers and used car markets are also often separated. Therefore, an explanatory study to illustrate the relationship between the consumer preferences and purchase factors by using a quantitative method is essential. In addition , the relationship between these two parts, as well as the positive and negative effects of factors of two parts would be explored with exploratory study concluded by a qualitative method.In modern societies, the number of car owners is very numerous, so within a short period of time to collect the data information from a large population base which is very important and not very easy. Although a case study strategy could be used to explore a contemporary phenomenon in its real life context, but it may take more time and lack breadth which makes it hard to generalize results (Saunders et al. 2009 141-154). Beside this, survey data usually comes from standardizing academic investigating behaviors and as wellls, so that might make results more positive and reliable.Therefore, survey is a suitable research strategy for this research. According to Bryman (2012) points out that quantitative research may sometimes be untrusted because the data can be artificial and spurious. Because of there is a very numerous number of car owners, so a non-probability sampling would be used in this research. As here are almost 700,000 people who lived in the city of Glasgow, that means the sample size might bigger, a questionnaire is a data collection proficiency in which each person responds to the same set of questions, so questionnaire is more suitable for this research.Although the non-standardised interviews as a method is good for demonstrating the reasons for the decisions and attitudes of research participants (Saunders et al. 2009, 361), it would take too much time, also human and material resources. Ethic issues are delineate as a situation or problem that needs people or organization to make a choice between options that must be evaluated as wrong (un honourable) or right (ethical)( championship Dictionary,2012).According to the British Sociological Association(20042), the social research projects are designed and conducted, ethical issues are necessary to be taken into consideration. In this research, the non-maleficence which contains physical and indirect harm is the cornerstone of all the ethical issues in the research (Saunders, el at. 2007 181). In addition, the violation personal privacy and the protection of confidentiality may be the potential ethical issues.Maximum extent to avoid the occurrence of these ethical concerns, before the implementation of the access section of research, questionnaire participants will be informed firstly,the purpose of this research, their participation is valuable, the results of the research may contribute to R & D and sales of new cars so that they can have a more suitable vehicle and a better car user experience Secondly, respondents participate in this research follow the principles of voluntary and informed consent, whenever and wherever they can withdraw(Saunders et al, 2009193) Thirdly, participants do not have to worry about their personal information will be faced with rick of leakage, because the questionnaire are anonymous.In addition, as car is a expensive commodity, questions on quest ionnaire about personal income and household economic situation of participants should be avoided, so as not to violate their privacy. Beside this, most of purchase of cars are family behavior, taking into account the special circumstances of some families, such as divorce, therefore the mating status should avoid being asked, so as not to cause discomfort of participants. As Golafshani(2003598) points out that the reliability is to ensure the consistency of research data collection and analysis. The risk of collecting data may do harmful to research reliability mainly relies on participants.According to Bell(2010151), participants may finish the questionnaires inaccurately because of many reasons such as bad mood or time limited. If the participants are too excited or in a hurry, there is a small possibility that they fill the questionnaire patiently that would result in the data lacking of reliability, thereby affecting the consistency of collecting data. To solve this problem, u se of internet-mediated questionnaires may be more effective, because of the respondents could complete the online questionnaire whenever and wherever they would like. The length of the questionnaire and the use of professional vocabulary may also are potential factors which may influence the research reliability.Advice from Bellk(2006325), questionnaire is designed no more than two pages may contribute to increasing the quality and completeness. In addition, there are many specialized vocabulary in automotive sector, such as turbocharged and dual-rotor engine, that would confused participants. Therefore, common and usual words should be used as far as possible. According to cook and campbell(1979), the validity is defined as best available approximation to the truth or falsity of a given inference, proposition or conclusion. Firstly, The non-probability sampling will be applied in this research, due to the characteristics of this method, the non-probability sampling will cause a ce rtain threat to validity.Moreover, in the process of collecting data, there is possibility that the instrumentality may change so that influencing the results of this research. Word Count 2278. References Andersson, H. (2005), The value of safety as revealed in the Swedish car market an application of the hedonic set approach, The Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Vol. 30 No. 3, pp. 211-39. Baltas,G. , Saridakis,C. (2009), Brand-name effects, segment differences, and product characteristics an integrated model of the car market, Journal of Product & Brand Management, 18(2),pp. 143 -151. Belk,R. (2006), Handbook of qualitative Research Methods. Northampton Edward Elgar. pp. 322. Bell, J. (2010).Doing your research project, 5th edition. Berkshire Open University Press. pp. 148-152. British Sociological Association,(2004), Statement of Ethical Practice for the Sociological Association. pp. 2-7. Bryman,A. , (2012). Social Research Method, Fourth Edition, Oxford Oxford University Press Business Dictionary, Ethical Issue, Retrieved 21 November 2012 from http//www. businessdictionary. com/definition/ethical-issue. html Couton,C. , Gardes,F. And Thepaut,Y. (1996), epicurean prices for environmental and safety characteristics and the Akerlof effect in the French car market. Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 3, pp. 435-40. Dharmaraj,C. , Sudhahar, C. J. ,(2010).Brand Preference Factors of Passenger Cars An Empirical Assessment, Indiana University Press, The IUP Journal of Brand Management, 7(3),pp. 19-33. Golafshani,H. (2003),Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research,The Qualitative Report, 8(4). PP. 597-607. http//www. nova. edu/ssss/QR/QR8-4/golafshani. pdf Kathuria,L. 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(2006), Advertising cars, Admap, July/August, pp. 14-15.